
Venous Sclerosants: Cardiovascular Adverse Effects and Misuse
Key Overview • Study Basis: In France, the marketed venous sclerosants are Aetoxisclerol (the

Key Overview • Study Basis: In France, the marketed venous sclerosants are Aetoxisclerol (the

Key Points • Study basis: In 2001, Paolo Zamboni and colleagues published a study

Key Points Study basis: In 2024, Stefano Ricci published CHIVA for dummies in Phlebology,

Key Points Study basis: A 2026 case report published in Case Reports in Cardiology

Key Points •Study basis: A 2024 retrospective comparative study published in the Journal of

Key Points Program basis: APCA describes the Global CHIVA Program as a global education,

Key Points Study basis: In 2025, Hidayet Tarik Kiziltan, Stefano Ermini, and Claude Franceschi

Key Points • Article background: In 2023, Roberto Delfrate published a review in the
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